Why the Market Leaders of Western Origin have to be Afraid of Essay

Why the Market Leaders of Western Origin must be Afraid of Newcomers from Emerging Economies - Essay Example America and European nations are as yet attempting to conquer the difficulties brought about by late downturn. A significant number of the unmistakable organizations in America, for example, Lehman Brothers and Bank of America crumbled numerous different organizations are very nearly devastation. The case isn't vastly different in Europe too. Huge numbers of the European organizations were obtained by the business associations from the rising scene. Prior worldwide riches was amassed in the less populated western world. Be that as it may, because of globalization, worldwide riches is currently moving towards the thickly populated Asian district. As such, Asian area and some different pieces of the world are advancing quickly though Western nations are depleting. As indicated by the perspectives on numerous researchers, India and China would be the superpowers which control worldwide issues in not so distant future itself. In American medias, the conversation has just begun about who will rule the world - India or China-in the coming years. Market pioneers of the western world are stressed over the new circumstances creating. It ought to be noticed that Chinese items are ruling worldwide market at present due to the less expensive costs. Then again items from the created world are attempting to rival the items from the developing scene, particularly from China. ... Passage and Tata have conceded to long haul collaboration designs with respect to the gracefully of motors, stampings and different parts to Jaguar Land Rover (Official giving over service held). It ought to be noticed that India was before the state of Britain. Two or three decades prior, it was incomprehensible for the British individuals to consider a situation in which an Indian organization obtaining a British organization. Goodbye bunch did precisely that. Rather than one, they gained two British organizations in an arrangement. Goodbye is the esteemed automaker in India while Land Rover and panther are notable images for the British. A considerable lot of the British firms began to believe that if an Indian firm can purchase Jaguar and Land Rover like British firms, their endurance could be in risk. India before and India at present are altogether unique. India attempted to grow appropriately in the past due to the developing populace. China likewise confronted comparable circ umstances before. Be that as it may, these nations prevailing with regards to changing over their enormous revile (developing populace) in to large gift in the ongoing past. Right now these nations are the provider of labor toward the Western nations like America, Britain, Germany, Australia and so on which are battling to discover enough labor for executing fundamental works in their nations. America organizations are as of now re-appropriating occupations worth billions of dollars to India like consolidating nations. President Obama is making a decent attempt to prevent the capital outpouring from American soil to developing world. America has just understood the threats related with the redistributing of American employments. It ought to be noticed that American organizations are sparing billions of dollars yearly as a

Evaluating Employee Retention Essay

High worker turnover rate has been considered as probably the most elevated driver for direct and opportunity cost to ascend for organizations. In the Coca Cola Retailing Research, Blake (2000) gauges that US$5. 8 billion every year are lost in the store division alone because of worker turnover. All the more critically, this figure essentially diminishes the benefit of firms to as much as 40%. Consequently, the mantra that HR or individuals are as yet the most significant factor of creation considering the upgrades in innovation is as yet a predominant idea among researchers and specialists the same (Buckingham and Vosburgh, 2001). In view of this, HR the board is headed to draw in and hold representatives that have demonstrated important in the organization over timeframes. Basically, worker maintenance and the decrease of representative turnover rate had been concentrated in the writing and in organization contextual analyses. Notwithstanding, in spite of the various examinations gave to us, there are still discussions that should be settled on the most intense variables that would make representatives remain. This paper presents a contextual analysis of Coca Cola Company especially its program on representative maintenance, the issues and difficulties that it faces as far as worker turnover, its effect on the organization both monetarily and operationally, and the upgrades that can be made so as to improve the representative maintenance program and decrease turnover rates. Representative Retention: Factors and Drivers Employee maintenance on a large scale had commonly been affected by the outer economy all in all and the patterns in the business part (Frank and Taylor, 2004). For a smaller scope notwithstanding, representative maintenance are influenced by programs/approaches of the organization, wages and advantages comparable to its rivals, abilities, preparing and advancement, worker inspiration and fulfillment just as different variables that are interior to the organization. For example, while the US economy had been considered at a low level as of late, representative turnover had been maximal in the periods 2002-2003 as a result of the cutting back that had been common in US organizations. Add to this factor, representative discontent as per the study of the Conference Board (2003) had been most elevated since 1995 and that workers are just trusting that a market recuperation will search for different occupations (Kaihla, 2003). Thus, beside these elements that should be considered by organizations, representative turnover influences the expense of the US economy by in any event US$5 trillion yearly (Journal of Business Strategy, 2003) and diminishes stock costs and income to about 38% (Sibson, 2000). Therefore, beside the budgetary effect of representative turnover, worker maintenance has been straightforwardly connected by Dresang (2002) to build efficiency just as client unwaveringness. Worker maintenance had been credited to a few elements; let us initially investigate the components recognized in the writing to contribute representative maintenance and decrease of turnover. In Coca Cola, the top maintenance drivers between hourly representatives and the board workers were recognized as follows. For the hourly workers, giving headings, accessibility of hardware and supplies and prompt oversight were recognized as drivers for maintenance while for directors, it would be hierarchical bearing, preparing and headway (Frank, 2000). These elements approve prior investigations that cutting edge pioneers assume a basic job in the maintenance of workers (SHRM Retention Survey, 2000). This is on the grounds that poor administration would drive representatives away in view of their apparent absence of significance concurred to them by the organization. Thusly, this outcome infers that administrators being basic factors in worker maintenance would should be improved as far as preparing and expert advancement programs by the organization (Gantz Wiley Research, 2004). Consequently, Frank (2000) stated that authoritative and the executives rehearses as drivers for maintenance have explicit and recognizable objectives. In the first place, for representatives working continuously, strategic practices in achieving their occupations viably are viewed as significant. This is on the grounds that these workers infer their fulfillment and inspiration from the criticism that they get from their prompt directors. Subsequently, their execution of their particular errands is significant so as to cause them to feel significant in the organization. In any case, the executives maintenance had been credited to the key heading of the organization just as their expert preparing and progression. This suggests chiefs are bound to remain in an organization with a preparation program that would energize proficient development just as a program with solid advancement rules. Coca Cola Employee Retention Program Coca Cola, the main maker of carbonated beverages had been considered as one of the top bosses not just as far as giving many occupations worldwide yet in addition in deliberately dealing with its representatives turn over rate. The backing of Coca Cola lays on the profitability and abilities of its representatives in giving quality items and guaranteeing quality control of its product. Consequently, Coca Cola consolidates in its center strategies the Workplace Rights Policies which incorporates an all encompassing perspective on its laborers guaranteeing that its approaches serves up to the advancement of a comprehensive representative development (The Coca Cola Company, 2008). Not at all like PepsiCo, Coca Cola permits associations and accommodates an aggregate bartering so as to secure the privileges of its workers. This has prompted the unorganization of the workers of PepsiCo contrasted with that of Coca Cola-while there is a significant level of aggregate dealing in Coca Cola, PepsiCo has not given its representatives the setting to air its complaints. In any case, contrasted with PepsiCo’s Taste to Success business brand proclamation and its various projects for representative maintenance, for example, â€Å"Culture of Shared Principles†, â€Å"Ability to Make an Impact†, â€Å"Quality People† and â€Å"Passion for Growth†, Coca Cola’s crusade for worker maintenance is still during the time spent developing. For one, the 2000 research utilized by Coca Cola to decide the expense and the open doors for representative maintenance, the organization had redeveloped its corporate system to explicitly address its administration and typical maintenance issues by changing its methodology. For example, Coca Cola has the â€Å"talent magnets† program in festivity of chiefs who can pull in exceptional abilities in their group. This is finished by Coca Cola so as to give progression not exclusively to directors yet for typical representatives also. Thus, Coca Cola in its statement of purpose incorporates four segments showing the duty of directors to build up the average workers. For instance, in Coca Cola’s Competency/Success Model, it focuses on oneself as well as other people, typical workers would give the vital criticism on their director with respect to their advancement achievement and pay dependent on their abilities. In view of these models, the administrators are then decided by upper administration (Olian, et al, 1998). Henceforth, the focal point of Coca Cola is on groups and not on people alone. This is like the practices in PepsiCo however to a lesser degree. For example, PepsiCo still qualities singular accomplishment and aptitudes in its advancement and headway. Regarding remuneration and pay, both PepsiCo and Coca Cola had been scrutinized by remote nations by giving beneath level pay to representatives. In the United States, commonly, the compensation of same level workers is the equivalent for both. Thusly, the advantages for standard and low maintenance representatives are practically identical with each other. In addition, the two organizations give preparing and improvement projects, decent variety and multi-social workplace just as projects for progression. In any case, the essential distinction is that Coca Cola had been considered to in a general sense more solid deliberately than that of PepsiCo. For example, while PepsiCo offers distinctive assortment of items in the drink and nibble area and have bowed out of all financial obligations before, Coca Cola’s sound administration basics have kept it from putting resources into hazardous endeavors. While both PepsiCo and Coca Cola had been loaded with laborers issues especially in low pay rates and wages just as the issues of better rights for laborers, Coca Cola had fared well better in holding its representatives since it is more steady than PepsiCo (which had shut 4 plants in New Jersey) and as a result of the nearness and resistance of associations. To a huge degree, associations in Coca Cola had perpetually ensured the privileges of its laborers and henceforth, prompted lower representative turnover in Coca Cola. Legitimate and Effective Employee Retention Program Employee maintenance programs while it ought to consider outside parts of its tasks, for example, the monetary presentation of the nation, the wages and compensation in that particular nation just as rivalry, inner factors inside the human asset division would likewise should have been reconsidered especially in deciding the way to hold representatives. It ought to be noticed that capable workers and supervisors are viewed as valuable and scant products in today’s business world. This is the motivation behind why organizations, for example, Coca Cola saves prizes for its top entertainers in selling and promoting its items. For example, the individuals who have indicated unrivaled execution than others are given professional successes promptly, trainings and expert improvement developments are accessible and they have better bartering power. Consequently, these laborers can interest for better work conditions especially in adjusting their work-family life. This in any case, doesn't just apply for administrators yet in addition for average representatives. While needs would contrast for the two classes, the should be esteemed by the association is significant. This is show

Three stages of Emerging Markets in a financial crisis Essay

Three phases of Emerging Markets in a budgetary emergency - Essay Example Blunder of monetary advancement and globalization turns into the significant guilty party as was obvious in Mexico in 1994 just as numerous East Asian nations in 1997 (Myeconlab, 2011). In the United States, we sow the seeds of a money related emergency in the developing business sector nations as those nations change their budgetary framework. This is finished by getting rid of limitations on the money related establishments and markets locally and opening up the economies to stream of capital and budgetary firms from different countries. A money which is fixed against the US dollar gets subject to a theoretical assault, where the examiners participate in the gigantic deals of the cash. Money emergency sets in as cash deals floods the market and flexibly exceeds request which prompts the estimation of cash crumbling. Loan costs get high, vulnerability increment and resource costs fall. The developing business sector economies name a few obligation contracts in outside monetary standards prompting a cash confound. The residential money deterioration expands the estimation of obligations comparative with resources which prompts the decrease of the total assets of a firm. This decrease at that point increments unfriendly choice just as good peril issues. Speculation decreases just as financial movement. In this manner to forestall monetary emergency in developing business sector certain approaches are considered including improving prudential guideline and oversight, constraining money jumble just as seq1uencing budgetary

Of Mice And Men By John Steinbeck Essays - English-language Films

Of Mice And Men By John Steinbeck Struggle Hero: The hero of the story is George. He is the sort hearted farm hand who is worried about his companion Lennie and watches out for him. Adversary: The foe of the story is George's attempting to think about the impeded Lennie. Since he has a goliath's body and a youngster's psyche, Lennie incidentally executes Curley's better half; at the same time he kills the fantasy about claiming a homestead that has kept George and Lennie positive about what's to come Peak: The peak happens when Lennie inadvertently executes Curley's better half. George realizes that he can no longer spare Lennie, for Curley will need vengeance. Result: Of Mice and Men finishes in catastrophe. George feels constrained to leniently slaughter his companion and friend, Lennie, so as to spare him from a severe passing. The demise of Lennie too marks the demise of the delightful dream they have been supporting. Chapter by chapter guide State of mind The prevailing state of mind of the story is that of desire. This disposition is created through the dreams of the significant characters. The other state of mind that wins is portentous, of approaching fate. There are likewise different mind-sets evoked through the activities of the characters reflecting distress, pity, and ruthlessness. The tale finishes on an appalling note. The mind-set toward the end is unquestionably one of misery and disappointment. List of chapters PLOT (Synopsis) One night, two men, on their way to a farm, stop at a stream close to the Salinas River. George, who is short and dull, drives the way. The individual tailing him is Lennie, a goliath of a man with enormous arms. During their discussion by the stream, George more than once asks Lennie to keep his mouth shut on the farm, recommending that Lennie has an issue. After dinner and prior to resting, both of them talk about their fantasy to possess a real estate parcel. The following day, George and Lennie travel to the farm to begin work. They are given two beds in the bunkhouse. At that point Old Candy acquaints them with nearly everyone on the farm. They meet the chief and the manager's child Curley, who is very inconsiderate. They likewise meet Curley's significant other when she comes searching for her better half. She wears substantial make-up and has a coy disposition. George cautions Lennie to carry on his best around Curley and his significant other. He likewise recommends that they should meet by the pool on the off chance that anything deplorable happens to both of them on the farm. George and Lennie are allocated to work with Slim, who is reasonable and 'humanized' and converses with authority. George finds Slim a getting compatriot, and a bond shapes among OF MICE AND MEN KEY LITERARY ELEMENTS SETTING This book is set in two spots. It begins alongside a stream, near the Salinas River, a couple of miles South of Soledad. It at that point moves to a farm, where the significant piece of the story is set. Toward the finish of the novel, the interfering with comes to where it began. George and Lennie are presented by the stream. They are en route to a close by farm. The encompassing area is thick in vegetation and has its own natural life. Men visit it, as there are debris heaps made by numerous flames and the appendages of the sycamore tree have been smoothed by the numerous men who have sat on it. The farm, where the significant piece of the story happens, seems disconnected and forlorn. It incorporates a farm house, a bunkhouse where the farm laborers live, a stable, and a tackle room off the stable. Chapter by chapter guide CHARACTERS Significant Characters George - the hero and primary character of the book. He is a mindful, sympathetic, and understanding person who fantasies about claiming his own real estate parcel. Lennie - the faithful companion of George. He has a youngster's brain and a monster's body. It is these differentiating characteristics that mess him up. Old Candy - one of the forlorn farm laborers. He is a handicapped person, filling in as a 'Swamper'. Law breakers - a dark farm hand. He is reasonable and flawless, with his very own brain. He is a desolate character,

What is an American Depositary Receipt - ADR

What is an American Depositary Receipt - ADR Looking to invest money but don’t know whether mutual funds or ETF’s are the right choices?Foreign investment by U.S. investors is growing at a rate of more than 10% each year, and reached a value of over $3.9 trillion back in 2010, and American Depository Receipts form an integral part of that.As an investor, you know the deal â€" investing directly in foreign countries is often a bummer, with the many legal hurdles and currency risk exposure.American Depository Receipts offer a way around that, a high-risk high-return option.An American Depositary Receipt (ADR) is a certificate that is issued by an US bank which states that one or more shares of foreign stock are being held under your name at a depositary bank.Just like how the regular stocks are traded in the market, American Depositary Receipts can be traded too and are listed on the NYSE (New York Stock Exchange) and NASDAQ.Before the introduction of the American Depositary Receipt, if we wanted to purchase any stock from fo reign companies, there was a large process involved.You would have to transfer your money to a bank in that country, convert this money to their currency and only then could you purchase stocks.This is a long process and would most often come back as a hit on your profits once taxes and exchange rate fluctuations were taken into account.What the ADR does as a substitute for this is instead of you purchasing the stocks directly from the foreign company, a US bank will purchase it under your name, and you are given a piece of paper stating that these shares are yours.All of these transactions are carried out in US Dollars to avoid all the currency conversion issues, and thus all the dividends earned and payouts are all made in US Dollars.If the dividends you earned were from Euros, for example, this will be converted to dollars before being passed on to you.The whole concept of the American Depositary Receipt was founded by Guaranty Trust Corporation, which is JP Morgan’s predecesso r in 1927, which allowed people to purchase stocks of a British department store called Selfridges.Due to the ease of the whole process, the popularity of using this service has increased since then and now there over two thousand Receipts available around the world.HOW DOES AN ADR WORK?If you are into investing, know the basics first. To understand the whole concept a little bit better, let’s use an example to simplify it.Investors who are willing and able to buy these American Depositary Receipts can purchase them through dealers/brokers who in turn will obtain these receipts from one of two ways.Either by purchasing ADR’s that are already issued or by creating new ADR’s.Already Issued ADR’s can be bought over the counter or through NYSE / NASDAQ.If the dealer has to create a new ADR, then there is another process involved. They will first have to go to the issuer of the shares (Ex. Alibaba) and buy the shares directly from their home market.These shares are then deposited in one of the depositary banks in that market, and the bank will then issue an ADR representing these shares to the broker.Using Alibaba as an example, we can see that if the investor wants to make a new ADR with Alibaba, the broker will have to go to China to purchase the stocks directly from them and then deposit these stocks into a US Depositary Bank which will then be converted into an ADR under the investors name. Got it so far?Creating new ADR’s is not always easy and will depend on factors such as market conditions, the price of the shares at that time and the availability of the shares for purchase.Also, we spoke before about how using an American Depositary Receipt takes care of all the exchange rate and currency conversion problems, but there is still a catch when it comes to these things.As we mentioned, any dividends that are paid by the foreign currency will be then converted to US Dollars before being passed on to the investor.However, there is still a risk here as these dividends have the conversion cost and the foreign taxes involved in the transaction deducted from it and so any fluctuation that is made to the exchange rate will affect the value of the dividends too.Example: As an investor, you have purchased shares from Alibaba at a value of 5 Yuan per share for 100 shares.The currency exchange rate is now $0.15 per 1 Yuan which would make your annual dividend $75.However, if the exchange rate were to depreciate in value to $0.10 per 1 Yuan, your annual dividend value will fall to $50.Here is a great video by OTC Markets Group that you might want to watch. TYPES OF AMERICAN DEPOSITARY RECEIPTSDepending on your needs, you need to go for different ADR’s. We will take a look at the popular options below.Sponsored American Depositary ReceiptA sponsored ADR is when a foreign company forms a contract with a US Depositary Bank through which they sell their shares to the US Market.The US Depositary Bank is then responsible for the sale and distr ibution of shares, payment of the dividends, record-keeping, etc.This also allows the foreign company to list their shares on the US Stock Exchanges.Non-Sponsored American Depositary ReceiptThis an ADR that is set up without the cooperation of the foreign company involved and is usually done by individual brokers/dealers who want to start a US Trading Market for those shares.Before 2008, these ADR’s had to be registered through certain requirements that were a bit time-consuming.However, the Securities and Exchange Commission amended a certain act that allowed these shares to be traded without registration if certain conditions were met.Since that time, there has been a massive increase in the amount of Non-Sponsored ADR’s traded on over the counter markets, which are the only places that these ADR’s can be traded under the new act.LEVELS OF AMERICAN DEPOSITARY RECEIPTSNow that we know a little bit more about what an ADR is and what it can do, let’s look at the levels of ADR that are available in the market that depends on how deep the foreign company has accessed the US trading market.Level 1 American Depositary ReceiptThis is the most basic and the lowest level of ADR’s available in the market. This level is usually issued for those foreign companies that are not able to list their stocks on the stock exchange just yet or basically just do not want to.This is mostly used by a foreign company in order to establish their presence rather than to raise capital. These ADR’s can only be traded through over the counter transactions as they are the least subject to the requirements set by the Security and Exchange Commission.Like other publicly trading companies in the US Market, these foreign companies do not have to show a quarterly or annual report to the SEC in order to continue operations. This makes it an easier form of establishing ADR’s in the market.These ADR’s are riskier for an investor to purchase due to the loose regulations but in terms of the company, it allows them to measure just how well their stocks are received in the US.However, even though they do not need to be listed in the US Stock Exchange, in order for the ADR to be issued, they must first be listed in the Stock Exchange of their home country.Also, if the foreign company decides that it wants to upgrade to Level 2, they will have to start selling on the US Stock Exchange after listing themselves.Level 2 American Depositary ReceiptA Level 2 ADR is quite similar to the Level 1 ADR where they are mostly used only to establish a presence in the stock exchange and not properly listed and also, they cannot be used to raise capital.The difference is that there are a few more regulations that are set on the Level 2 ADR’s such as filing a registration statement with the Securities and Exchange Commission and certain other documents.Failing to comply with these regulations will demote the ADR back to Level 1 or may be delisted. In exchange, by moving the ADR up from Level 1 to Level 2 will give the company a higher trading volume and more visibility in the market.This makes purchasing the ADR less risky than Level 1 as they have now signed off on certain forms that mitigate the risk passed on to the consumer of the ADR.Level 3 American Depositary ReceiptLevel 3 is the highest and most prestigious tier that a foreign company can enlist their ADR’s into. These ADR’s face a lot more regulations compared to the other two levels and everything that they do has to come with a full reporting to the Security and Exchange Commission.They will have to sign off on more forms that will regulate their business in the country further, and even certain actions the foreign company takes back in their home country has to be reported, such as, any materials given by the company to their shareholders during this period.In return, the company will be able to float their stocks into the market as a public offering and thus can gain a lot of financial ca pital from the stocks sold as well as gain a substantial presence in the trading market of the US Stock Exchange.This is also the least risky form of stock purchasing for investors due to the constant monitoring done by the Security and Exchange Commission which can easily take away the rights of an ADR or demote it to a lower level if the foreign company goes against any of the rules set by them.TERMINATING AN AMERICAN DEPOSITARY RECEIPTNow that we have seen the different levels of an ADR let’s look at the procedures and impact of closing down an ADR.Any ADR can be cancelled by either the issue (foreign company) or the depositary bank that created it for them.Once either of this has happened, and the ADR has been requested to be terminated, the process of cancelling all the ADR’s issued will ensue.The foreign company’s name will also be delisted from the US Stock Exchange immediately.Just before the termination is set to take place, the investors who purchased these ADR’s m ust be informed first.The foreign company will usually write to each of them stating the reason for the termination and requesting them to either give back their certification which shows their level of stock purchased or not to do anything at all.If the investor who owns the ADR decides to give up their certificate, it will be replaced by certain foreign securities.The owners can then find brokers who deal in these foreign markets to use these foreign securities in that region.If the investor decides that they do not want to give up their certificate, then the depositary bank that the investor got the ADR through will hold on to it and will take the foreign securities from the foreign company and will collect the dividends that the investor receives through this and pay them back in this way.They will, however, discontinue the sale of more ADR’s under the company’s name to these investors.THE ADVANTAGES OF USING AN AMERICAN DEPOSITARY RECEIPTSo, what is it that makes ADR’s th e preferred choice for many?Easier to PurchaseAn ADR is a much easier form of purchasing foreign stock for an investor compared to the normal process.Any person who wants to can buy or sell these ADR’s just like purchasing normal stocks in the local US market.They are also saving money at the same time through these transactions as the usual administrative and tax costs are much reduced by purchasing an ADR.Everyone BenefitsIt’s not just the investors but the foreign company that supplies these ADR’s that benefit.The company is given more exposure to the US market and can measure out just how well their shares are received and can gauge how well they will do if they become listed publicly in the US Stock Exchange.The equity market in the US can be quite a wealthy market if tapped correctly, so if the foreign company is smart about the approach, they can raise quite a bit of capital and make their name more well-known among the investors in the US.Helps to Diversify PortfoliosP urchasing ADR’s from foreign companies’ gives investors the chance to diversify their portfolios. Not all US companies are not involved in every industry or geographical area that could be beneficial to an investor.Having these foreign ADR’s will give the investor more choice and better options to help them grow their business or earn better dividends than they would by just sticking to the local US companies.Is More ConvenientThere are also other benefits that an ADR has in terms of convenience, one of which is that an investor does not have to use a different broker than the one they were using all along.They do not need another foreign account or have the need to find a new broker to carry out the ADR deals as their current broker should be more than capable to carry these out as the procedure is not too difficult to handle.Save More MoneyUS investors can again save money and earn more because the whole ADR system is built around dollar pricing.As we spoke about before, eve ry transaction is done through dollars, and any dividends earned in foreign currency will be converted to US Dollars and then paid in US Dollars.This makes forecasting, continuous transactions and reporting much easier for the local US investors.Similar to Your Local Stock ExchangeAnother advantage that an ADR has is that it is quite similar to local stock in the stock exchange as these trade at the same US market hours and so investors do not have to work separately to keep an eye on their ADR’s.They also follow the same procedures and limitations set on the local stocks so that investors do not need to worry about treating the ADR’s differently but can instead manage it just like the local stocks in the market.DISADVANTAGES OF AN AMERICAN DEPOSITARY RECEIPTWhile ADR’s can work great for a business, there are a few points that you need to remember before using them.Being Wary of the Exchange Rate FluctuationsIn the advantages, we mentioned that the investors could gain as all transactions are made using US Dollars.However, this also comes with a risk in terms of exchange rate fluctuations where a depreciation in the rate will lead to losses.The exchange rate is not always constant and usually, go through constant fluctuations.Since an ADR will be dealing with companies from a variety of countries, there can be a lot of changes to the currencies of these different countries that can be difficult to track and will lead to losses.You Don’t Have as Many ChoicesThere is a limited selection when it comes to ADR’s. An investor may want to purchase stocks from a certain big foreign company, but they may have to end up purchasing the stocks the normal way as this company may not have listed themselves as an ADR.An ADR cannot be created without the permission of the company, so if that particular company has decided not to use this method, then the ADR will not be listed.As of now, there are still quite a lot of these big companies that have not yet listed th emselves in this way.Stock Options May be LimitedAdding on to the previous point, there may be a few companies that have listed their ADR, but they may not have as many stock options available to trade especially in a big market like the US.In turn, they will be very thinly traded, leading to less performing stocks.SHOULD YOU GO FOR AN ADR?An ADR is definitely a workable solution for purchasing stocks abroad compared to the procedures that an investor would have to go through otherwise.There are certain risks involved, but any form of stock trading will always involve a risk so that is out-weighed by the benefits that an investor will receive by using this form of service.

Perfect Sunday by Jose Ayala and Cathedral by Raymond Carver - Free Essay Example

The Second Joyful Mystery Ding-dong. As I lazily got up to answer the door of the short stories in my hand, I was surprised to see a blind man, named Robert and a long lost grandson, named Jorge. Perfect Sunday by Jose Ayala and Cathedral by Raymond Carver both revolves around the host-visitor dynamic. Raymond Carver’s Cathedral revolves around the interaction of the character of the husband and his wife’s long time blind friend, Robert and Jose Ayala’s Perfect Sunday delves into Jorge’s visit to his grandmother. As both pairs of characters engage in small talk they are able to reconnect, establish new ties and discover more of themselves. The characters of the short stories will be cross-examined with each other. First would be visitor to visitor then host to host, Jorge to Robert and Dona Santos to the husband. Then Jorge will be compared to the husband and Dona Santos will be compared to Robert. Through this we can discover the deeper ideas both shor t stories possess. Jorge and Robert are both the visitors in the short stories. Both characters appear to be unconventional to the host characters. The husband and Dona Santos are in a way traditional and conservative. In Cathedral the husband was at first not very comfortable with Robert visiting. Aside from Robert being a complete stranger, the husband was not at ease about the idea that Robert was blind. The husband had a lot of preconceived notions about how blind men behaved and looked like. The thought that Robert married an African-American woman came as a shock to him. He even reacted quite violently. â€Å"Her name was Beulah. Beulah! That’s a name of a colored woman. â€Å"Was his wife a Negro? I asked†. He also was surprised when he saw Robert with a beard and without a cane or a pair of glasses. He was even taken aback with the way Robert ate. â€Å"I watched with admiration as he used his knife and fork on the meat†. In Perfect Sunday Dona Santo s is the typical grandmother. According to the text she is of traditional Spanish descent. She is very conservative. Jorge’s lifestyle seems to be quite not ideal to her. When Jorge took out a cigarette Dona Santos eyed Jorge quizzically. â€Å"Dona Santos looked at the cigarette, then at Jorge†. She also seemed to be a little disappointed that Jorge is a musician. She seemed to have approved more on Jorge’s cousin, Leo who was a taking up business administration and was disappointed when she heard that he was not able to finish school. The visitor characters represent the unusual in the society each of the short stories exist in. They also represent change and reform in the society. The host characters symbolize the norm and the tradition the society upholds. In both short stories the contrasting of these ideas are present. Both selections also look into how the concept of change and tradition can help shape the characters. Jorge and the husband are very much alike. Both characters have that tendency to be stereotypical and judgmental. For Jorge this can be seen in the first part of the selection when he was observing the passersby. This trait is apparent to the husband with regard to how he perceives and treats Robert. Both characters are not in tuned to their religious beliefs. Jorge’s refusal to attend mass and even claiming that doing so will ruin his perfect Sunday is proof to this. The husband’s â€Å"prayer† during their dinner was done jokingly and even bordering on mockery. When asked by Robert whether he was religious or not, he explicitly answered â€Å"I guess I don’t believe in it†. Dona Santos and Robert can be put next to each other. Both these characters are the religious or spiritual influence in the other characters’ lives. Dona Santos’ beliefs are more explicitly stated. Robert’s can be considered as more spiritual. These characters serve as the catalysts for change in their co-characters. Dona Santos’ sense of religiousness and spirituality influenced Jorge in a juvenile and very childlike way, the way a little boy is disciplined by his grandmother for not going to mass or rewarded for behaving well in the liturgy. Through this, although very superficial, Jorge was able to grasp a ritualistic and cultural concept of religion and his grandmother’s beliefs. I found the husband’s and Robert’s â€Å"spiritual† enlightenment quite problematic, because both of them were high on marijuana when they engaged in the activity. This may be so, but in a way Robert was also able to help awaken and reconnect the husband’s character to himself. Both selections had religious references in them, specifically with cathedrals. In Perfect Sunday, cathedral was used to describe Jorge’s state of being, â€Å"†¦Feeling again like a vast and empty cathedral†. As for Cathedral, the cathedral served as a vessel for the enlightenment and awakening of the husband. The cathedrals can also symbolize how the characters perceive religion and ultimately their lives. For Jorge religion is very tradition based. With his grandmother’s influence, religion is an obligation and not devotion. So when his grandmother asked him if he went to mass his mind went into this trance-like, echoing and empty state. What Jorge knows of religion is its structure and like a cathedral, its vast hollowness. As for the husband’s experience, the cathedral, at first, amplified his unfamiliarity with religion. But what the story promotes is that when the husband begins to open his mind to what Robert has to say and looks at things in a different way; profound, transcendent and unexpected experiences arise. What is similar to both texts is the factor of human interaction, connecting and reconnecting to the people around us; especially if like Jorge and the husband we have gone too com fortable being bubbled up in our own beliefs and realities. In a way, we have to let other people in for us to know or be reminded of who we are and what we really want to be. We all have to get up from where we are seated, answer the door and let that visitor in. 092308 R34

Understanding Eating Disorders - 1009 Words

A large amount of research has been done on the subject of eating disorders and their causes. Many eating disorders have proven to emerge during a young age and often serve as the foundations to more serious problems like depression and even death. Although there are no real solutions to eating disorders taking various medicines can help improve it, also going to therapy can help. Many people think eating disorders are not important, but they are very important. Eight million of American population suffers from eating disorders (seven million women, one million men). There are over ten types of eating disorders from anorexia to rumination. The affect this has on women is becoming a dramatic increase and what is being done is not enough. There are many types of eating disorders such as anorexia, bulimia, and even night eating syndrome. The two that America suffers from are anorexia and bulimia. These disorders and very serious in the female population. Many teen girls suffer with anor exia nervosa, an eating disorder in which girls use starvation diets to try to lose weight. These teens starve themselves until they are skeletal like and yet after that think they are overweight. This leads to a type one depression which is highly dangerous for adolescents. This appeared to be more in the white and Hispanic population instead of the Indian and black population. Anorexia can hurt the digestion system and also affect the way you live or give birth. These females fear of gettingShow MoreRelatedTowards An Understanding Of Self Esteem And Eating Disorders1404 Words   |  6 PagesTowards an Understanding of Self-Esteem and Eating Disorders By Melissa H. 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These eating disorders also occur in men and older womenRead MoreThe Risks And The Management Of Adolescents With Eating Disorders1218 Words   |  5 PagesIn July, 2014 an education article was written by Michael W. Roberts, DDS, MScD and Travis M. Hicks, DDS, MS called â€Å"Warning Signs†. Both show similar research interests in the risks and the management of adolescents with eating disorders. The funding provided was supplied by the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Dentistry. The ultimate goal of this research was to educate dental professionals on anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa and how to identify the predisposing factors